Method of cutting straight or curved mortises



' UNITED STATES- PATENT OEEicE.

EDWARD Q. SMITH, O-F CINCINNATI, OHIO.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 13,184, dated July 3, 1855.

.To all whom, it may concern,.-

Beit known that I, EDWARD Q. SMITH, of the city of Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Mortising-Ma` chines for Mortising Straight and Curved Mortises; and I do hereby declare that thefollowing is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, similar letters and figures `referring to corresponding parts of the machine.

The nature of my improvement consists in the employment of two segment-pieces attached to the frame that carries the chisel, which segments are made to slide through guides, and when placed at an angle to each other and set in motion the said segments cause the mandrel to which the chisel is attached to make a curved movement, producing a curved mortise when put into operation, and when the said segments are placed in a right line with each other the movement of the mandrel is in a right line, and therefore makes a straight mortise.

I am aware of other machines previously made for making curved mortises, but none that would make a straight and curved mortise with the same machine and chisel, all that is required being` a slight adjustment of parts to change it from a straight to a curved mortising movement.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my improvement, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation by referring to the accompanying drawings, of

which- Figure l represents a top view of the machine. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same, showing portions in section. Fig. 3 is a separaie and front view of the machinery forearrying the mandrel that contains the mortising-chisel. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the portion of Jthe machine represented in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 represents a sample of the work done by a machine in operation, showing one straight and two curved mortises.

The following is that portion of the speciiication referring directly to the drawings.

d ct represent the general frame-work of the machine.

B B is a table worked on slides 9 9 and moved by the lever 10 and dovetailed piece 17. The table is provided with a clamp apparatus l5 for holding the piece being mortised.v

c is the main drivin g-shaft of the machine, provided with pulleys d and f. The former drives the chisel-spindle 7s by means of the band 13 and pulley 1G, and the latter or pulley f on shaft e drives the counter-shaft g by means of the belt 14E, which shaft works the pitman z', that gives lateral motion to the frame .I and n n, that carries the spindle K and chisel 18. The shaft gis provided with a nest of pulleys 7L and a sliding bar m across the face-plate on the end of the shaft g, for the purpose of adjusting different lengths of mortises. The pitman i' is attachedV to the under part of the .frame J, as represented in Fig. 4 at 20. The frame works on pivots 0 and P in order to give it the required lateral movements.

1l is the plate to which the frame-work J is attached.

66 represent the two segment-pieces for giving the curve to the mortise, the two ends of which pieces are attached to the frame n n by means of the thumb-screw 2l, the said frame being provided with a slot 22 in order to elevate and lower the segment-pieces G 6. The outside ends of said segment-pieces work in guides l2 12, which guides are made sta-A tionary with the exception of revolving or turning up and down.

In orderto make a curved mortis'e, as represented by 6 in Fig. 5, the segment-pieces are to be placed at an angle somewhat near, as represented in Figs. 2 and 3, and when the reverse is required in the curve of a mortise, as represented at S in Fig. 5, the segments are to be placed in the reverse position, as denoted by the dotted lines 8 vin Fig. 3. When a straight mortise is required, as represented at 7 in Fig. 5, the segments are placed in a right line, as represented by the dotted lines 7 in Fig. 3.

As before stated, the pitman i, together with the machinery to which it is attached, is used for giving the mandrel K and chisel 1S their lateral motion, and the mandrel and chisel receive their rotary motion by means of the belt 13.

The machine is used for mortising chair stuff, and is capable of making any mortise required in the chair business of any size or curve, but can be used for all other purposes Where mortises are required of the form represented in the sample gure of the accompanying drawings.

NVhat I claim as my improvement, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

The two segment-pieces 6 6, placed at an angle to eaell other or straight, so as to direct the lateral movement of the mortising-chisel in a curved or .right line, and thereby form a curved or straight mortise, as mentioned in the foregoing specication, all substantially for the purposes set forth.

EDWARD Q. SMITH. "Witnesses:

L. W. SMITH, MARTIN BENSON. 

